What are the three components of the 3P model used in risk assessment?

What are the three components of the 3P model used in risk assessment?

• A. Perceive (PAVE), Process (CARE), Perform (TEAM)
• B. Perceive, Plan, Perform
• C. Predict, Assess, Execute
• D. Recognize, Evaluate, Act

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that risk assessment happens in three distinct phases: Perceive, Process, and Perform. First you Perceive hazards in the flying situation—things like weather, aircraft performance, fuel state, terrain, and external pressures. Then you Process that information by evaluating how serious the hazards are, how likely they are to occur, and what options exist to reduce risk. This is where you compare alternatives and decide on a safe course of action. Finally you Perform by implementing the chosen mitigation—changing the plan, routing, altitude, or speed, and continuing to monitor the outcome to ensure the risk stays acceptable. The three terms align with common mnemonics you’ll hear in training (Perceive, Process, Perform with PAVE/CARE/TEAM hints), but the core sequence is the three-step flow: perceive, process, perform. The other options use different verbs that don’t reflect the standard three-phase model.

The main idea is that risk assessment happens in three distinct phases: Perceive, Process, and Perform. First you Perceive hazards in the flying situation—things like weather, aircraft performance, fuel state, terrain, and external pressures. Then you Process that information by evaluating how serious the hazards are, how likely they are to occur, and what options exist to reduce risk. This is where you compare alternatives and decide on a safe course of action. Finally you Perform by implementing the chosen mitigation—changing the plan, routing, altitude, or speed, and continuing to monitor the outcome to ensure the risk stays acceptable.

The three terms align with common mnemonics you’ll hear in training (Perceive, Process, Perform with PAVE/CARE/TEAM hints), but the core sequence is the three-step flow: perceive, process, perform. The other options use different verbs that don’t reflect the standard three-phase model.